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Speaking at the World Bank and International Monetary Fund spring meetings on Friday, U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent delivered a blunt message to global energy markets, trading partners, and Tehran alike: the limited relief Washington has extended on oil sanctions is over. “We have the blockade, and there’s no oil coming out,” Bessent told reporters.
Speaking at the World Bank and International Monetary Fund spring meetings on Friday, U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent delivered a blunt message to global energy markets, trading partners, and Tehran alike: the limited relief Washington has extended on oil sanctions is over.
“We have the blockade, and there’s no oil coming out,” Bessent told reporters. The US will not renew waivers that had temporarily allowed the purchase of Iranian and Russian petroleum — and Bessent predicted that within “two to three days,” Iran will have no choice but to begin shuttering its oil production entirely.
What the Waivers Were — and Why They’re Gone
Since the outbreak of the iran and israel war in late February 2026, global energy markets have operated under an unprecedented level of emergency management. The iran blockade strait of hormuz — Iran’s closure of the world’s most critical oil chokepoint, compounded by a U.S. naval blockade of Iranian ports since April 13 — has created a dual stranglehold that removed roughly 13 million barrels per day from world markets.
To cushion the blow on vulnerable nations and prevent a full-scale economic catastrophe, the Treasury Department had issued limited, time-bound waivers allowing certain buyers to continue purchasing russian oil and residual Iranian cargoes already at sea. The Russian waiver, first issued in March 2026 and extended on April 18, was designed as a pressure-release valve. The Iranian waiver applied specifically to cargoes that had already left port before the blockade fully activated.

Bessent made clear on Friday that both exceptions are finished. A renewal of the Iranian waiver is “totally off the table,” he said, while the Russian waiver will also expire without renewal. His reasoning on the Russian side: “Russian oil on the water has been largely sucked up” — meaning the emergency supply that justified the exemption has already been absorbed by buyers. The waiver has served its purpose; keeping it in place would now function as a structural sanctions loophole rather than emergency relief.
Iran’s Oil Economy at the Edge
The implications for Iran’s fiscal position are severe. The hormuz blockade, now operating on both sides — Iran preventing commercial traffic through the strait, and the U.S. Navy interdicting Iranian exports at port — has already taken a measurable toll. Iran’s crude production fell by approximately 200,000 barrels per day in March, with analysts projecting a further 420,000 bpd drop in April.
Bessent indicated that the endgame is now visible: Kharg Island, Iran’s primary oil export terminal and storage hub, is filling to capacity. Once storage is full, wells must be shut in — a process that damages infrastructure and takes months to reverse even after sanctions lift. “In the next two to three days, Iran will have to start shuttering production,” Bessent said, framing the economic vice as a deliberate negotiating tool.
The Trump-Modi Contradiction
The hormuz blockade has created one of the sharper ironies of Trump’s foreign policy in 2026: his simultaneous pressure campaigns on Iran and Russia have collided at India’s refineries.
In February, President Trump secured what he described as a commitment from Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi to stop purchasing russian oil — a geopolitical win Trump celebrated by rolling back punitive tariffs on Indian exports. The deal was a centerpiece of Trump’s effort to strangle Russian petroleum revenues funding the Ukraine war, and the trump modi russian oil arrangement was hailed by the administration as evidence of maximum-pressure diplomacy working.
Then the Iran war erupted. India had quietly shifted a portion of its crude imports back toward Middle Eastern sources to comply with the Trump-Modi understanding, only to find those supplies suddenly inaccessible when Iran shut the strait. Washington was forced to issue a 30-day emergency waiver in March allowing India to resume russian oil purchases — effectively undermining the agreement it had just celebrated. India’s refineries, which had integrated Iranian crude into their processing chains, now face a structural dilemma: comply with American demands and absorb crippling energy shortfalls, or quietly return to Russian supply levels and risk the tariff consequences.
Researchers predict India will likely drift back toward buying russian oil at 40-45 percent of its crude imports — roughly its pre-sanctions baseline — regardless of what the administration demands, simply because no viable alternative supply chain exists at the required scale.
The Russian Tanker Precedent
Washington’s willingness to enforce oil sanctions with naval force is not theoretical. In January 2026, the U.S. Navy intercepted and seized a Russian-flagged tanker — the Marinera, formerly operating as Bella 1 — in international waters near Iceland after a weeks-long pursuit across the North Atlantic. The vessel had attempted to reach Venezuela to load crude oil in violation of U.S. sanctions, transmitting false vessel identification data and disabling its AIS transponder to evade detection. The seizure, coming just weeks before the Iran war began, established that Washington would use physical interdiction — not just financial penalties — to enforce energy sanctions.
That enforcement posture now frames every decision Bessent is making on waivers. With the hormuz blockade as leverage, the U.S. is attempting to simultaneously squeeze Iran’s revenues, deny Russia alternative buyers, and pressure trading partners like India and China to align their energy purchasing decisions with American strategic interests. Whether markets can sustain that level of simultaneous pressure — without triggering the very inflation spiral Trump is trying to contain — remains the central gamble of the administration’s energy war strategy.


